Professor Woodruff’s research revolves around the innate immune system, and its role in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Using a series of potent and orally active complement and inflammasome inhibitors developed in collaboration with his group, he is exploring the therapeutic potential of targeting innate immune mediated neuroinflammation to reduce neuronal cell death in these neurodegenerative diseases.

He has an established track record of translating his basic laboratory discoveries into human clinical trials, with two of his drug discoveries currently undergoing clinical testing in neurological diseases through successful commercialization and licensing deals. His current research focus examines the role of novel innate immune therapeutic targets in neurodegenerative disease.